How Chicago 1968 May Predict Cleveland 2016
In late August 1968, two months after an assassin killed presidential candidate Sen. Robert Kennedy and shortly after Republicans nominated Richard Nixon for president, the Democrats gathered in Chicago to pick their candidate.
The Democratic Party “establishment” supported Vice President Hubert Humphrey, who was opposed by antiwar contenders Senator Eugene McCarthy and Senator George McGovern. The culminating point occurred on Aug. 28 when delegates debated two rival Vietnam policy planks. The Johnson administration supported the continued, if also limited, bombing of North Vietnam. The opposing “dove plank” called for suspending the bombing of North Vietnam and vigorous negotiations. A raucous three-hour debate, punctuated with shouts of “stop the war” and the New York delegation singing “We Shall Overcome,” ended when the convention voted 1,567 to 1,041 to support the Johnson administration’s plank.
Several months earlier, leaders of Students for a Democratic Society, the anarchic Yippies, Black Panthers and the “Old Left'” War Resisters League met to organize massive antiwar protests during the Chicago convention. Subsequently, while delegates debated, an estimated 10,000 protestors, half of them from out of town, gathered at nearby Grant Park. Television split coverage between the convention and the mob. While speakers inside denounced President Johnson’s Vietnam policies, Yippies outside nominated a pig named “Pigasus” for president. When three young men attempted to haul down an American flag flying over Grant Park’s band shell, blue-helmeted police rushed to stop them but were opposed by demonstrators. When an officer tossed a tear-gas canister, a protester picked it up and heaved it back.
Millions of TV viewers watched as demonstrators faced off against platoons of club-wielding police. Throughout the night and into the early morning, the melee moved between Grant Park, the International Amphitheater Convention Center, and the Democratic Party headquarters in the Conrad Hilton Hotel. Television kept both the delegates and demonstrators informed. After McGovern supporter Sen. Abraham Ribicoff of Connecticut declared, “With George McGovern as president we wouldn’t have Gestapo tactics in the streets of Chicago,” the camera caught Mayor Daley shouting obscenities at Ribicoff.
Intermittent violence continued throughout the week, resulting in 668 arrests. Although no one was killed, over 100 demonstrators and bystanders were treated at hospitals. Local physicians treated hundreds more. Police reported 192 officers treated for injuries. Perhaps the most seriously injured victims were Hubert Humphrey and the Democratic Party.
At the Republican convention in July, Richard Nixon, seeking to attract white southern voters feeling alienated from the Democrats, spurned New York Mayor John Lindsay, the Republican establishment candidate for vice president, in favor of tough-talking “law and order” and “state’s rights” advocate, Maryland Gov. Spiro Agnew. Despite the third-party candidacy of Alabama Governor George Wallace, who carried Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Arkansas, Nixon eked out a narrow victory.
Forty-eight years later, leftist’s mobs, at the behest of MoveOn.org, want to torpedo Donald Trump’s candidacy. Donald Trump’s Republican campaign competitors (along with conservative pundits George Will, Charles Krauthammer, and others), fearing Trump cannot beat Clinton, seemingly want what the mob wants: Trump out.
Trump’s Republican opponents need to consider that if Trump wins the nomination the surest way for Republican’s to lose the general election is to stay home come November. Both Trump and the Republican Party will lose if Republicans stay home.
Additionally, if Trump goes to the convention in Cleveland as the leading contender but without enough delegates to win, and a brokered convention gives the convention to another candidate, dedicated Trump supporters will stay home. Trump won’t be president but the Republican Party also may lose. Again, both Trump and the Republican Party will lose if Republicans stay home.
On the other hand, MoveOn.org should remember that for all its “sound and fury” America’s Les Enrages of 1968 and 1972 contributed substantially to Richard Nixon’s election and reelection. History shows that the far left’s antics can easily backfire and work on behalf of Republicans.
In 1968, the antics of the far left fractured the Democratic Party so that it lost five of the next eight presidential elections. While Donald Trump’s bombastic remarks turn off many Americans, they also attract a significant number, though he has stumbled in recent primaries. Both parties should consider the possible emergence of a 21st-century “silent majority” that won for Nixon and years later, Ronald Reagan. {eoa}
Dr. Earl Tilford is a military historian and fellow for the Middle East & terrorism with The Center for Vision & Values at Grove City College. He currently lives in Tuscaloosa, Alabama where he is writing a history of the University of Alabama in the 1960s. A retired Air Force intelligence officer, Dr. Tilford earned his PhD in American and European military history at George Washington University. From 1993 to 2001, he served as Director of Research at the U.S. Army’s Strategic Studies Institute. In 2001, he left Government service for a professorship at Grove City College, where he taught courses in military history, national security, and international and domestic terrorism and counter-terrorism.
